Simms KT, et al. - In this statistical trends analysis and modelling study, researchers estimated the number of cervical cancer cases that can be prevented over the 50 years from 2020 to 2069 as a result of scaled-up global vaccination and screening coverage. They also intended to identify the earliest years by which cervical cancer rates could drop below two absolute levels that could be considered as possible elimination thresholds. For this purpose, they tried to predict outcomes beyond 2070. Non-implementation of primary and secondary prevention programmes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) would lead to more than 44 million cervical cancer diagnoses in the next 50 years. By 2069, 12·5–13·4 million cervical cancer cases can be potentially prevented by widespread coverage of both human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical screening from 2020 onwards. This strategy could result in average cervical cancer incidence of around four per 100 000 women per year or less, for all country Human Development Index (HDI) categories, by the end of the century. After three to four decades, disease burden would be substantially affected if the implementation of high coverage vaccination can be quickened, however, to achieve a nearer-term effect, delivery of cervical screening to older cohorts who will not benefit from HPV vaccination is needed.