Schmitt DR, et al. - In this study, the impact of perioperative urinary tract infection (UTI) on surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing primary hip and knee arthroplasty was ascertained. All patients undergoing primary hip and knee arthroplasty were distinguished applying the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Researchers applied univariate and multivariate regressions, as well as propensity matching, to ascertain the independent risk of preoperative and postoperative UTI on SSI, reported as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. The evidence showed that postoperative UTI was correlated with SSI, reinforcing the necessary to minimize factors which predispose patients to the risk of UTI after surgery. Although initiating antibiotic treatment is prudent and future prospective evaluations are needed, the lack of correlation between preoperative UTI and SSI implies that hip and knee arthroplasty can proceed without delay.