Kornfeld H, Sahukar SB, Procter-Gray E, et al. - In the prospective Effects of Diabetes on Tuberculosis Severity study, adults with pulmonary TB in Chennai, India, were classified as having diabetes or normal glucose tolerance at enrollment and were assessed for baseline TB severity, sputum conversion, and treatment outcomes (cure, failure, death, or lost) with respect to glycemic status and BMI. Participants were 389 patients; of these, 256 had diabetes and 133 had normal glucose tolerance. The analysis revealed a significant correlation of low BMI with increased risk for adverse TB treatment outcomes while that risk reduced in presence of comorbid poorly controlled diabetes. High visceral adiposity index with or without dysglycemia seems to be a novel TB susceptibility mechanism associated with adipose tissue dysfunction.