Olthof LE, et al. – This retrospective study aimed to examine the effect of caloric intake on outcome during the management of refeeding syndrome. Among prolonged mechanically ventilated critically ill patients, refeeding syndrome was common, however not predictable by baseline characteristics. Low caloric intake was correlated with a reduction in 6–month mortality risk among patients that develop the refeeding syndrome. In patients without refeeding syndrome, this effect was not seen. During critical illness, findings supported caloric restriction in refeeding syndrome.