Deng L, et al. - Researchers investigated the prognostic value of immune cell enrichment scores, as a proxy for immune profiles of the tumor microenvironment, in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). For 76 patients with TNBC diagnosed between 2008 to 2016 in West China Hospital and 158 patients with TNBC from The Cancer Genome Atlas, the overall ImmuneScore and type-specific enrichment scores for 34 types of immune cells were calculated, using xCell, a gene signature-based method. During the median follow-up time of 2.8 (0.1-9.8) years, recurrence was reported in 42 patients, and death was reported for 34 patients. Relative to normal tissues, tumors had higher overall ImmuneScore and most immune cell enrichment scores. Favorable recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival were observed in correlation with a higher enrichment score of plasma cells. A negative association was observed between the score of CD4+ Tcm and RFS (HR 1.52, 95%CI 1.17-1.97). Besides, invasive tumors that were not ductal/lobular carcinoma had higher CD4+ Tcm enrichment score. These findings suggest a possible role of plasma cells and CD4+ Tcm in the tumor microenvironment in the subsequent progression of TNBC.