Enninga EAL, et al. - Given a high involvement of soluble program death ligand-1 (sPD-L1) and galectin-9 in immune suppression during cancer, these molecules were assessed in the blood samples from pregnant women during gestation. Researchers noted that during pregnancy, immune-regulatory molecules galectin-9 and sPD-L1 increased. Furthermore, these molecules may play a role in immune tolerance that is important for the fetus.