Koyama N, et al. - Researchers examined 122 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients who were receiving chemotherapy to determine the risks and benefits of chemotherapy in SCLC patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). They divided eligible patients into two groups: SCLC with and without IIP. They identified 47 (39.2%) SCLC patients with IIP; of these, 20 had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 27 had other IIP. Observations revealed independent and negative prognostic value of comorbid IPF. Further, comorbid IPF was correlated with a high risk of interstitial lung disease development or IIP exacerbation in SCLC patients. They emphasize early diagnosis and intervention for chemotherapy-induced IIP exacerbation as beneficial for SCLC patients with IPF, who need close monitoring for its onset.