Kironji AG, et al. - Literature from low and low-middle income countries was summarised to determine barriers to and key interventions for out-of-hospital emergency care (OHEC) delivery. As per findings, barriers to OHEC were divided into six categories that included: culture/community, infrastructure, communication/coordination, transport, equipment and personnel. Lack of transportation was identified to be a common problem, with 55% (17/31) of articles reporting this as a hindrance to OHEC. For improving OHEC in low and low-middle income countries, policy makers and researchers are advised to focus on increasing the availability of transport and trained providers while improving patient access to the OHEC system. The review yielded articles with a primary focus in Africa.