Di Meo A, Batruch I, Brown MD, et al. - Using a quantitative label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry peptidomics strategy and targeted parallel-reaction monitoring, 115 urine samples, comprising of 33 renal oncocytomas (≤ 4 cm) cases, 30 progressive and 26 nonprogressive clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-small renal mass (SRM) cases, and 26 healthy controls were assessed in order to distinguish early, noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for early-stage RCC-SRMs. Results imply that pretreatment characterization of urinary peptides could give perspicacity into early RCC progression and may help in clinical decision-making and enhance disease management.