Martin-Loeches I, Darmon M, Demoule A, et al. - Researchers undertook this post-hoc analysis of a multinational, prospective cohort study in 16 countries, to ascertain the impacts of having an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) acquired Pneumonia (ICU-AP) among immunosuppressed patients experiencing acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. This analysis involved 1,512 patients. Overall 158 patients (10.4%) suffered ICU-AP. Patients with ICU-AP experienced higher hospital mortality. Following adjustment for confounders and centre effect, an elevated risk of ICU-AP was observed in relation to use of vasopressors and invasive mechanical ventilation at day 1 while a reduced risk was noted in relation to female gender and chronic kidney disease. An independent link of ICU-AP with mortality was identified following adjustment for confounders and centre effect. Overall, doubts have been raised time and again regarding the mortality due to ICU-AP in immunosuppressed patients with acute respiratory failure. In this study, ICU-AP was identified as an independent risk factor for hospital death.