Libera LSD, de Carvalho KPA, Ramos JEP, et al. - Researchers undertook this retrospective analysis for 10 years to study the clinical and prognostic aspects of anal cancers related to the presence, and the genotypic distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV). They analyzed clinical and molecular data using descriptive univariate statistics and made survival curves using the Kaplan–Meier and log-rank methods. They reported an HPV prevalence of 69% of the 81 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens analyzed. In squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) vs other anal tumors, a significantly higher HPV prevalence was noted. A higher prevalence was seen in female patients. HPVs 16, 33, and 18 were identified as the most prevalent genotypes. At 60 months, the overall survival was estimated to be 44.3%. The identified prognostic factors were: gender with greater survival for men vs women, histological type, SCC (54.4%), adenocarcinomas (37.5%), other carcinomas (14.2%), and the presence of distant metastasis. Findings revealed a link of HPV with anal cancer, particularly in SCC. However, the prognosis of patients with anal cancer remained uninfluenced by the presence of HPV.