Mchome BL, Kjaer SK, et al. - Researchers investigated women with normal and abnormal cytology for the prevalence and type-specific distribution of cervical high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV). In addition, they sought the risk factors for HR HPV among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in Tanzania. At existing cervical cancer screening clinics in Kilimanjaro and Dar es Salaam, altogether, recruitment of 4,080 women was done. Of these, 3,416 contributed data for the present paper, including 609 HIV-positive women and 2807 HIV-negative women. The overall HR HPV prevalence of 18.9% was observed, whereas women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) had the HR HPV prevalence of 92.7%. The most common types were HPV16 (32.5%) and HPV58 (19.3%) among HPV-positive women with HSIL, followed by HPV18 (16.7%) and HPV52 (16.7%). The following factors were noted to be linked with HR HPV: younger age, increasing number of partners and early age at first intercourse. Similar risk factors were evident among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. In addition, an increased risk of HR HPV was evident among HIV-positive women with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm³ vs those with CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/mm³.