Cirillo M, Coccia ME, Attanasio M, et al. - Researchers investigated the vitamin B status related to the homocysteine pathway and determined the prevalence of polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene in infertile women programming homologous or heterologous ART. A total of 393 consecutive Caucasian women, referred to the Internal Medicine Clinic at the Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology, were framed for their vascular risk prior to initiation of homologous or heterologous (oocyte donation) procedures. Among these women, 61 (15.5%) had hyperhomocysteinemia, 22.9% had decreased levels of vitamin B12, 4.1% had decreased levels of serum folate and 0.1% had a deficiency of vitamin B6. Observations revealed the relation of inadequate vitamin B status with the homocysteine ​​pathway in women planning Assisted Reproductive Technology. In addition, they indicated an interesting association regarding hyperhomocisteinemia in women carrying the T allele of the C677T MTHFR polymorphism. Based on findings, they suggest giving serious consideration to a specific supplementation with 5-MTHF and adequate vitamin B12 concentrations prior to Assisted Reproductive Technology, in particular in women carrying the T allele of the C677T MTHFR polymorphism.