Palumbo PJ, et al. - HIV drug resistance was evaluated in adults who received early vs delayed antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a multinational trial [HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 052, enrollment 2005–2010]. Findings revealed a low frequency of new drug resistance at virologic failure in adults with early ART initiation in HPTN 052. Lower baseline viral load was identified as the main factor associated with reduced drug resistance with early ART.