Calderon-Margalit R, et al. - The risk of future end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was estimated among adolescents who had normal renal function and a history of childhood kidney disease. The authors found an association between a history of clinically evident kidney disease in childhood and a significantly increased risk of ESRD, even if the renal function was apparently normal in adolescence. Findings, therefore, suggested that kidney injury or structural abnormality in childhood had long-term consequences.