Yeganeh N, Kreitchmann R, Leng M, et al. - Rates of congenital syphilis and HIV are reported to be the highest in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Correlation of other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes has been observed, but these infections are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms. For this study, all pregnant women in 10 public prenatal health clinics in Porto Alegre were offered clinic-based STI testing for HIV antibody and treponemal antibody (via lateral flow assay rapid tests provided by the Brazilian Government) and for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis (via polymerase chain reaction–based testing provided by Gene Xpert, Sunnyvale, CA), between September 2018 and November 2019. Recruitment of 400 pregnant women was done; of these, 94 (24%) were diagnosed with an STI, including 2% with HIV, 11% with syphilis, 9% with chlamydia, 1% with gonorrhea, 5% with trichomoniasis, and 3% with more than 1 STI. Women attending both hospital-based and primary health clinics in the south of Brazil were identified uniformly accepting etiologic-based screening for STIs, which can result in relevant treatment of pregnant women. The multivariate analysis revealed the following as independent predictors of women having an STI: younger age, being non-White, having less education, and having a relationship < 1 year.