Zhou Y, et al. - A cross-sectional study of eight hundred sixty-seven children aged 7–12 years in a primary school in the Minhang District of Shanghai, China, in 2014, and a one-year follow-up study of 352 subjects was conducted to identify the prevalence and infection status of H. pylori infection among schoolchildren. Researchers used the 13C-urea breath test to identify the H. pylori infection at baseline and one year later. Among Chinese schoolchildren aged 7–12, the prevalence of the H. pylori infection was high and spontaneous eradication was low.