Park SC, et al. - Researchers used a large population-based database (the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort) to investigate if anemia is related to long-term mortality in COPD. Based on the hemoglobin level, mortality assessment was carried out from 2003 to 2013 among patients with COPD. Among study population with mean age 65.0±9.3 years, and 62.9% male, presence of anemia was reported in 469/7,114 patients (6.6%). In anemia and non-anemia groups, the observed overall mortality rate was 46.5% and 32.1%, respectively. The observed hazard ratio of anemia for mortality was 1.31. A good correlation was found between hemoglobin level and mortality among patients with anemia. Overall, anemia was found to be related to increased long-term mortality of COPD, and even mild anemia showed association with a significantly increased risk.