McNeer JL, et al. - In this retrospective review, researchers assessed the impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on the outcomes of children and young adults with hypodiploid B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who were enrolled in recent Children’s Oncology Group (COG) trials. Cytogenetic analyses and DNA index were performed and minimal residual disease (MRD) was determined. Postinduction, patients with hypodiploid ALL came off protocol therapy. Information regarding their subsequent therapy and outcomes was obtained retrospectively and event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. In COG AALL03B1, overall 8,522 patients with National Cancer Institute standard-risk and high-risk B-ALL were enrolled from 2003 to 2011. According to the findings, patients continued to fare poorly. No beneficial impact of first complete remission (CR1) HSCT was evident. This was specifically seen in patients with MRD of 0.01% or greater at the end of induction. Findings call for new treatment strategies for these patients.