Karavana SY, et al. - Since intravesical delivery of chemotherapeutic agents provided effective drug localization to the target area, which reduces toxicity and increases efficacy in bladder cancer, authors developed an intravesical delivery system of gemcitabine HCl (Gem-HCl) to deliver a sustained-release profile to lengthen residence time and to augment its efficiency in the bladder cancer treatment. Findings suggested for current intravesical delivery-system therapies, Gem-HCl microsphere-loaded poloxamer gel was an effective and promising alternative, according to in vivo studies.