Nijeboer P, et al. - In this study, researchers examined 213 celiac disease (CD) and 13 potential (PCD) cases as well as 112 controls to quantify the range of CD3⁺ T-cell receptor gamma-delta chain (TCRγδ⁺) intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) in the differential diagnosis of CD [an increase in gamma-delta IEL (CD3⁺TCRγδ⁺ IEL)]. They calculated percentages by flow cytometric analysis of IELs from small bowel biopsies. They observed a significant increase in percentage of CD3⁺TCRγδ⁺ IEL in the most of CD cases, regardless of the presence of villous atrophy. They recorded 66.3% sensitivity and 96.6% specificity for CD diagnosis as a result of 14% cut-off value for CD3⁺TCRγδ⁺ IEL.