Costa F, et al. - Because maxillary fungus ball (FB) is the most common paranasal localization, researchers evaluated the clinical presentation, surgery and therapy outcomes in the sequence of maxillary FB patients, as well as reviewed literature on maxillary FB therapy. Forty-eight patients (mean age was 53.6 ± 11.9 years) with a diagnosis of maxillary FB were treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) alone or in connection with external approaches. In 46 patients, complete clinical and radiological resolution of FB was noted. Findings suggested that odontogenic factors were commonly reported and should be treated at the same time of maxillary FB. For patients with maxillary FB, ESS alone or in association with external approaches is an effective treatment.