Jacob J, et al. - The prevalence, as well as impacts of pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) and emphysema in hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), was investigated by examining CTs in a large HP cohort. It was not uncommon to detect PPFE in patients with HP. Moreover, an independent association of PPFE with impaired lung function and increased mortality was reported in these patients. Among HP never-smokers, 23% had emphysema. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) appeared not to link to a malignant microvascular phenotype as outcome was explained by interstitial lung disease (ILD) and emphysema extents.