Bidinotto AB, et al. - The authors aimed to evaluate the incidence density (ID) of new root caries lesions and restorations among community-living south Brazilian older adults and to estimate its relationship with predictor variables. Predictors of the incidence of root caries were age, external environment, personal practices and oral status. Preventive strategies were required, including the use of fluorides and instruction to improve the attitude and behaviour towards oral hygiene.