Sobrero A, et al. - Researchers report the efficacy results of the Italian Three or Six Colon Adjuvant Trial, wherein, relapse-free survival was assessed among patients with high-risk stage II or stage III colon cancer randomized to receive 3 months or 6 months of FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) or CAPOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin). The results of this trial depended on the adjuvant regimen and risk and failed to formally demonstrate noninferiority of 3 vs 6 months of treatment to the predefined margin of 20% relative increase. For CAPOX, 3 months were as good as 6 months; for FOLFOX, 6 months added extra benefit. Six-month duration benefitted low-risk patients more than the high-risk population. The choice of regimen and duration should depend on patient characteristics and be balanced against the extra toxicity of longer therapy.