Brun S, et al. - Researchers performed a prospective evaluation over 5 years to assess the development in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate—as well as potential influencing cofactors—in 20 young women (mean±SD, 22.9 ± 2.3 years of age) with Turner syndrome (TS). They analyzed data from a randomized controlled clinical trial investigating two different doses of estradiol treatment (2-mg 17β-estradiol daily and placebo or 2 + 2-mg 17β-estradiol daily). At the termination of the study, 12 healthy age-matched young women (mean±SD, 23.11±2.2 years of age) were examined as controls. They found that the patients with TS had remarkable increases in systolic and diastolic BP levels in late adolescence and early adulthood. It remains an enigma why BP levels increase early in life in those with TS.