Choi IJ, Kim CG, Lee JY, et al. - Researchers tried to find out whether treatment to eradicate H. pylori can decrease the risk of gastric cancer in persons with a family history of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives is unknown. A single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was screened 3,100 first-degree relatives of individuals with gastric cancer. A total of 1,838 individuals with H. pylori infection were allocated randomly to receive either eradication therapy (lansoprazole [30 mg], amoxicillin [1000 mg], and clarithromycin [500 mg], each taken twice daily for 7 days) or placebo. The development of gastric cancer was the primary endpoint. A prespecified secondary endpoint was the development of gastric cancer according to H. pylori eradication status, evaluated during the follow-up period. The results showed that H. pylori eradication treatment decreased the risk of gastric cancer among persons with H. pylori infection who had a family history of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives.