Ichinose K, et al. - Investigators retrospectively assessed 172 patients who had a renal biopsy at Nagasaki University Hospital and community hospitals in Nagasaki (between 1990 and 2016) to determine the relationship between complete renal response (CR) and mortality in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). They noted death from cardiovascular events, infection, malignancy and other causes in 5.2% of patients during follow-up. They reported that predictive factors of CR at 6 months included male sex, proteinuria, and higher index of activity, while at 12 months they were male sex and higher index of activity. Attainment of CR at 12 months following induction therapy was correlated with the survival rate of patients with LN.