Zamami Y, et al. - Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a tendency for immune-related adverse events (irAE). For example, the risk of myocarditis may increase with ICI treatment as a lethal irAE, with a mortality rate of up to 50%. However, there is a low frequency of ICI-related myocarditis, and thus there is a necessity for assessing the detailed pathogenic mechanisms and risk factors. Researchers identified distinct manifestations of general myocarditis and ICI-related myocarditis. This suggests different risk factors for the two, emphasizing assessment of the differences in risk factors in these 2 types.