Yen CC, et al. - Using the National Health Insurance Research Database, researchers investigated factors affecting late fistula failure (LFF) in patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD) in Taiwan. They performed a case-control study enrolling 1558 patients. Among these, 772 (49.6%) were identified as LFF cases and 786 were identified as controls. DM and receiving more HD sessions were the factors associated with LFF; on the contrary, less risk of LFF was observed in those who received HD in private clinics.