Yang L, Chen Z, Guo H, et al. - Researchers herein investigated proteomic biomarkers in synovial fluid to improve diagnosis as well as treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. This study involved 24 OA patients and 24 healthy persons. Using antibody array technology, protein expression profiling of synovial fluid from participants was done. In OA patients vs healthy individuals, 20 proteins demonstrated lower expression levels while 30 proteins showed higher levels. Of these differential proteins, the following were identified for the first time to be differentially expressed in OA: GITRL, CEACAM-1, FSH, EG-VEGF, FGF-4, PIGF, Cystatin EM and NT-4. Based on findings, leukocyte proliferation as well as migration to the joint was speculated to be a likely crucial pathogenesis of OA, which requires to be further validated. Possibly, there is a more pivotal role of central proteins of the protein–protein interaction network in OA. Experts suggest the likely utility of the newly detected differentially expressed proteins as novel biomarkers for OA diagnosis as well as targets for OA treatment.