Sopo M, et al. - Researchers analyzed patients with malignant epithelial ovarian neoplasms for the expressions of VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor)-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D, and the receptors VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3. They performed comparisons for expression levels between primary tumors and related distant omental metastases. A total of 86 patients with malignant ovarian epithelial tumors and 16 related distant metastases were analyzed. Via immunohistochemistry (n = 102) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (n = 29), they assessed angiogenic factor expression. Malignant ovarian tumors and paired distant metastases differed significantly in terms of expressions of VEGF receptors and their ligands. Compared to the primary high grade serous ovarian cancer lesions, distant metastases exhibited higher VEGF-A, VEGF-D, and VEGFR1 protein expressions. In univariate survival analysis, poor prognosis was reported in relation to low epithelial expression of VEGF-A in primary tumors, and the association of short progression-free survival with high VEGF-C and low VEGFR3 was evident.