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Expanding heart transplant in the era of direct-acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C

JAMA Cardiology Feb 26, 2020

Schlendorf KH, Zalawadiya S, Shah AS, et al. - Researchers undertook this prospective, single-center observational analysis to better describe the link of hepatitis C–positive donors with heart transplant volumes, wait-list duration, the transmission as well as cure of donor-derived hepatitis C, and morbidity and mortality at 1 year. Participants were recruited from a large academic medical center and comprised 80 adult (age 18 years or older) patients who received heart transplant utilizing hearts from hepatitis C–positive donors between September 2016 and April 2019. Patients who received a transplant with hearts from hepatitis C–negative donors during the same time-frame were used for comparisons. Among recipients of donors with negative nucleic acid testing outcomes, none developed donor-derived hepatitis C. A median follow-up of 301 days revealed the development of donor-derived hepatitis C in 67 (95.7%) of 70 patients who were recipients of donors with positive nucleic acid testing results. Good tolerability of direct-acting antivirals was evident, and these led to sustained virologic responses in all treated patients. Overall, hepatitis C–positive donors were acknowledged as a viable choice to expand the donor pool in the era of direct-acting antivirals, potentially decreasing wait-list duration and death. Experts noted that infection was tolerated well and was curable in heart transplant recipients with donor-derived hepatitis C and in these patients, 1-year survival was equal to that seen in recipients of hepatitis C–negative donors.
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