Li ZX, et al. - Researchers analyzed primary gout patients (n=84) in order to assess the prevalence of uric acid (UA) nephrolithiasis using dual-energy CT (DECT) and to determine the risk factors for kidney stones in these patients. The diagnosis of nephrolithiasis was received by 41 subjects (48.8%), among those, a kidney stone was present in 38. A DECT scan was performed in 32 of the 38 patients, and nephrolithiasis was detected in DECT in 27 patients. Among them, pure UA was found in 63.0% (17/27) and UA-based mixed stone in 14.8% (4/21) of the patients, and 22.2% (6/27) had a non-UA stone. More frequent acute attacks and longer disease durations of gout were reported in those with nephrolithiasis. The likelihood to have unduly acidic urine was more in the lithiasic group vs the non-lithiasic group. In gout patients indicated, a more common prevalence of nephrolithiasis, particularly UA stones, was reported in this study as compared to previous reports. The factors that conferred risk for nephrolithiasis were disease duration of gout and low urine pH.