Fukui H, et al. - Fifty-five consecutive patients who preoperatively underwent magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) using IDEAL-IQ and unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and who did not get preoperative therapy, the researchers intended to assess whether pancreatic MRI-PDFF corresponded with histological pancreatic fat fraction and its possible benefits as a biomarker of pancreatic cancer compared with pancreatic index (PI) using CT. Patients were randomized as 24 with pancreatic cancer and 31 controls. A significant correlation of histologic pancreatic fat fraction with MRI-PDFF and PI was ascertained. In comparison to PI, the absolute correlation coefficient was markedly greater for MRI-PDFF. In comparison to the control group, higher MRI-PDFF and the histologic pancreatic fat fraction was seen in the pancreatic cancer group with lower PI. For pancreatic cancer, MRI-PDFF was discovered to be the only independent risk factor. Hence, pancreatic fat (which was associated with pancreatic cancer) could be quantified by the MRI-PDFF measurement. Further, for calculating the probability of pancreatic cancer than PI, MRI-PDFF should be regarded as a promising and superior imaging biomarker.