Cauteruccio M, Vitiello R, Perisano C, et al. - The present study was conducted to find the relationships between Euthyroid Sick Syndrome (ESS) and proximal femur fracture. Age > 65y, x-ray diagnosis of proximal femoral fracture categorized as AO 31A or 31B requiring surgical treatment, admittance to the emergency room within 72 hours from trauma were the inclusion criteria. Researchers enrolled a total of 32 individuals, It was reported that in comparison to patients without ESS, patients with ESS have a higher need for red blood cells transfusion and, therefore they have a higher risk to develop anemia in the peri-operative period. They believe that in fragile patients, it would be beneficial to diagnose ESS at their arrival to the emergency room and apply a peri-operative therapeutic protocol to prevent anemia.