Shi J, et al. - The goal of this investigation was to find out if nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin 3 domain (NLRP3) inflammasome can be triggered by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and adenosine triphos adenine (ATP), which are positively related with knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity in joint-spaces, in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Researchers also determined if estrogen would inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Findings indicated that via NLRP3 inflammasome, knee OA may be promoted by the increased LPS and ATP in joint-space. Data also highlighted a possible protective impact of estradiol (E2) via inhibition of activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in FLS.