Ducloux D, et al. - In a large population of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (675), researchers investigated the impact of dialysis modality [hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD)] on ESRD-induced immune senescence. They used a second cohort (84 patients) for refining and corroborating the findings. They observed that HD was associated with more pronounced inflammation and this may induce premature aging of the immune system in ESRD patients. In correlation with this finding, a lower risk of acute kidney rejection was observed in patients previously on HD.