Goetz M, Andersen P, Bergman J, et al. - Since endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is rarely conducted in newborns and the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is not characterized in this age group, researchers carried out a European multicentre analysis of PEP rates and risk factors in children aged ≤ 1 year. Based on the estimated sample size, 135 consecutive ERCPs in 126 children aged ≤ 1 year were assessed from five European centres, and the first ERCP per child was analyzed. According to results, ERCP is safe in terms of PEP in children aged ≤ 1 year. The risk of PEP in children aged ≤ 1 year is significantly lower than in adults, so no prophylaxis of PEP seems to be required in young children. Adult risk factors (ie, pancreatic parenchymal opacification, native papilla, difficult cannulation, lack of bile duct dilatation in most patients, young age) may not apply to children under 1 year of age. Reluctance to conduct an ERCP diagnosis in suspected biliary anomalies should not be based on the presumed risk of PEP.