Nanduri SA, et al. - Using active population-based and laboratory-based surveillance, researchers described incidence rates, case characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and serotype distribution of early-onset disease (EOD) and late-onset disease (LOD; with onset at 7-89 days of life) in the United States from 2006 to 2015 to inform IAP guidelines and vaccine development. The incidence of EOD declined significantly from 0.37 to 0.23 per 1000 live births from 2006 to 2015, and the rates of LOD remained stable. An estimated 840 EOD cases and 1265 LOD cases occurred nationally in 2015. Findings revealed that US infant LOD rates are now higher than EOD rates. Combined with addressing intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) implementation gaps, an effective vaccine that covers the most common serotypes could further reduce EOD rates and help prevent LOD, for which there is no current intervention in public health.