Mirutse G, et al. - Researchers used retrospective cross-sectional study design to perform this inquiry to unveil the epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis (TB) as well as factors related to poor treatment outcome in developing country. They randomly chose eight public hospitals of Tigray, from which they obtained socio-demographic and clinical data of children (aged less than 15 years old) who received treatment for all kinds of TB in the prior 10 years (2007–2016). Overall 13,345 TB cases were seen in the preceding 10 years. They found that among all TB cases in Tigray, 8.1% were children aged less than 15 years old. The presence of TB/HIV co-infection was detected in 69 (8.3%) cases of those that tested for HIV. They noted that the outcome of childhood TB treatment differed by gender, age and HIV status. A greater likelihood of having an unsuccessful treatment outcome was observed in relation to being female, age 0–5 years, unknown HIV status and pulmonary positive case, vs their counterparts.