Hong SA, et al. - The epidemiology of primary laryngeal lymphoma was investigated and the prognostic factors affecting survival in patients were determined. For survival, female gender and lower Ann Arbor staging were independent positive prognostic indicators, whereas other clinical variables, such as grade and histology, did not have an effect. In patients with primary laryngeal lymphoma, radiation and chemotherapy did not appear to confer a mortality benefit, which could have implications on clinical decision-making as well as patient education about disease prognosis.

Methods

• Researchers performed a retrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, including cases from 1973 to 2014.
• With patients from more than 15 different geographic regions across the United States, they conducted a population-based analysis.
• Based on a diagnosis of lymphoma and a primary lymphoma site within the larynx, patients were chosen.
• Based on the inclusion criteria, 200 cases were eligible.
• They extracted and analyzed characteristic as well as clinical variables from the database.
• Age, race, sex, primary site of lymphoma involvement, general histology, specific histologic subtype, tumor grade, and Ann Arbor staging were the included characteristic and clinical variables.
• Radiation therapy and chemotherapy were the exposure variables analyzed.
• They used multivariate analysis to calculate the main outcomes [overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS)].

Results

• Researchers identified a total of 200 cases of laryngeal lymphoma.
• At diagnosis, the mean age was 64.2 years.
• Fifty-three percent males comprised the cohort.
• They noticed that B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) accounted for 74% of cases, whereas natural killer/T-cell NHL accounted for 10% of cases.
• Radiation therapy was administered to a total of 53.1% of patients, whereas 47.5% received chemotherapy.
• The median OS and median DSS were 9.15 years and 24.5 years, respectively.
• At 2, 5, and 10 years, OS observed was 74%, 63%, and 44%, respectively.
• Multivariate analysis revealed that older age, male sex, and advanced Ann Arbor staging were associated with worse OS, whereas only male sex and advanced Ann Arbor staging were associated with worse DSS (all P values < .05).
• Improved survival was observed in association with radiation and chemotherapy.