Arikan K, Karadag-Oncel E, Aycan AE, et al. - Researchers conducted the study for determining molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates cultured from hospitalized pediatric patients. All accessible S. aureus isolates cultured from hospitalized pediatric patients have been analyzed for staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) encoding genes and antibiotic resistance patterns. In total, 132 S. aureus isolates, 102 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (81.8%), 30 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (18.2%) were involved in the research. Since the distribution of virulence genes varies among S. aureus isolates from different regions, it is important to track the emergence of genes encoding PVL, SCCmec in both MRSA and MSSA throughout the world. The findings indicate a high prevalence of PVL in community-onset S. aureus infections in children. In hospital-acquired MRSA isolates, SCCmec type IV was more commonly isolated, and in community-acquired S. aureus infections, PVL gene was more commonly isolated.