Montefusco L, et al. - The goal of this paper was to investigate the prevalence of endocrine and metabolic manifestations in patients affected by Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). The findings recommended a systematic determination of the presence of anterior pituitary deficiencies in all LCH patients with diabetes insipidus (DI) both at diagnosis and during the follow-up by basal and dynamic hormonal assessment. A worse metabolic profile was reported in patients with pulmonary LCH, especially those with Multi-system (MS) disease than the general population. The results also revealed the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma.