Makaryan V, et al. – Experts test the hypothesis that inhibitors of neutrophil elastase (NE), acting either by directly inhibiting enzymatic activity or as chaperones for the mutant protein, might be effective as therapy for CyN and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). Findings suggest that cell–permeable inhibitors of neutrophil elastase hold the promise as novel therapies for ELANE–associated neutropenia.