Aksoy A, et al. - A multicenter observational study was performed to show the outcomes of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitor used for the treatment of VBD individuals who were refractory to conventional ISs and corticosteroids. In this study, they enrolled 27 refractory VBD individuals treated with TNFα inhibitor agents. They collected all data from individual charts. They found that tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors appear a highly useful alternative for remission-induction of refractory VBD with acceptable safety data. In comparison with TNFα inhibitor monotherapy, concomitant IS use may achieve higher complete remission rates. Prospective, randomized controlled studies with a longer duration of follow-up are needed to determine the comparative efficacy and safety of biological agents for VBD.