Rijal KR, et al. - Researchers sought to characterize patterns of Plasmodium vivax relapses in Nepal. They administered chloroquine (CQ: 25 mg base/kg given over 3 days) alone or together with primaquine (CQ+PQ: 0.25 mg base/kg/day for 14 days) randomly to patients with P. vivax malaria and followed them intensively for one month, then at 1-2 month intervals over a year. CQ was given to 101 (49%) patients and CQ+PQ was provided to 105 (51%). Recurrences were reported in 3 (4.1%) of 73 patients who completed one-year follow-up in the CQ+PQ arm compared with 22 (28.2%) of 78 in the CQ only arm. These findings suggest high efficacy of the combination of chloroquine and the standard dose 14-day primaquine in achieving radical cure of short and long latency P. vivaxmalaria, despite emerging chloroquine resistance.