Pontali E, Volpi S, Signori A, et al. - Give the reports describing the pivotal role of interleukin-1 in the inflammatory response during cytokine storm syndromes, Researchers here evaluated the efficacy and safety of early anti-inflammatory treatment (AIT) with i.v. anakinra with or without glucocorticoids (GC) in COVID19 pneumonia. In this retrospective single-centre cohort study, the efficacy of early AIT with i.v. Anakinra (100mg every 8 hours for 3 days, with tapering) alone or in combination with GC (i.v. methylprednisolone, 1-2 mg/kg daily, with tapering) was ascertained in patients admitted for COVID19 pneumonia. Analysis was performed on 128 patients; 63 of these received treatment with early AIT (30 anakinra, 33 anakinra and CG) at admission; 65 patients (44 with SOC, 21 SOC plus late rescue AIT) did not and were used as controls. Outcomes from this larger series of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia support the potential efficacy and safety of the early use of high doses of i.v. anakinra with or without GC.