Takahashi Y, et al. - Efficacy and safety of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy immediately following endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) were investigated in patients with early gastric neoplasms. In this study, researchers failed to show the non-inferiority of immediate H. pylori eradication therapy following ESD to the non-eradication therapy in the healing rate of ESD-caused ulcers. However, in comparison with the standard therapy, immediate eradication therapy could be a treatment option for patients after ESD without adverse effects on eradication therapy, since the failure was likely to attributable to a small number of patients enrolled.