Gudbrandsdottir S, et al. - This study was aimed at investigating the cytokine production and surface marker composition of B cells in adult patients with newly diagnosed primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) before and 12 months after treatment with rituximab + dexamethasone (RTX+DXM) or dexamethasone (DXM). Both treatment regimens resulted in normalization of the frequencies of cytokine-producing B cells. Following RTX+DXM, the additional increase in CD5+ B cells was compatible with induction of Bregs.